Exploring the Costs and Benefits of Protecting and Enhancing Biodiversity in New Residential Developments
New Literature Review Highlights the Value of Natural Capital in Housing Development
July 2026
As Ireland works to meet ambitious housing targets while responding to the interlinked challenges of biodiversity loss, climate resilience and community wellbeing, it is becoming increasingly clear that nature must be recognised as essential infrastructure, not simply an optional amenity. Natural Capital Ireland, in collaboration with the Irish Green Building Council (IGBC), has produced a new literature review, "Exploring the Costs and Benefits of Protecting and Enhancing Biodiversity in New Residential Developments". Drawing on research and case studies from Ireland, the UK and further afield, the review examines the economic, environmental and social benefits of integrating biodiversity, natural capital and nature-based solutions into the design and delivery of new residential developments.
The review finds that investments in natural capital including trees, wetlands, sustainable drainage systems (SuDS), rain gardens, green roofs, and biodiverse green spaces can generate significant long-term returns. Beyond supporting biodiversity, these features can improve flood resilience, enhance public health, increase property desirability, reduce infrastructure costs, improve water management, and create more liveable communities.
The research argues that biodiversity should no longer be treated solely as a compliance requirement within the planning process. Instead, nature can be understood as a strategic asset that delivers multiple ecosystem services and long-term value to residents, developers, local authorities and wider society.
The report is intended for developers, planners, architects, investors, policymakers, sustainability professionals and others involved in shaping Ireland's built environment. It provides evidence-based insights to support the integration of natural capital and biodiversity considerations from the earliest stages of project planning and design.
Authors and Acknowledgements
Authors
Karl Byrne, Natural Capital Ireland
Deirdre Lane, Natural Capital Ireland
Reviewers
Marion Jammet, Irish Green Building Council
Irene Rondini, Irish Green Building Council
Project Partners
Natural Capital Ireland and the Irish Green Building Council (IGBC).
Project Support
This research was supported by the National Parks and Wildlife Service (NPWS) of the Department of Housing, Local Government and Heritage.
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